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含不同形貌MoO3的Al/MoO3铝热剂的热性能和燃烧性能
作者:
作者单位:

陆军工程大学野战工程学院, 江苏 南京 210007

作者简介:

陈嘉琳(1997-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事含能材料及武器系统设计。e-mail:3836589939@qq.com

通讯作者:

郭涛(1978-),男,副教授,主要从事地雷与爆破器材爆炸作用研究。e-mail:guotao3579@126.com

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助(51704302)


Thermal Properties and Combustion Properties of Al/MoO3 Thermite Containing MoO3 with Different Morphologies
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Affiliation:

College of Field Engineering, PLA Army Engineering University, Nanjing 210007, China

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    摘要:

    不同形貌铝热剂在性能上有着很大的差异。为了探讨不同MoO3形貌对Al/MoO3铝热剂热性能和燃烧行为的影响,制备了Al/棒状MoO3和Al/带状MoO3铝热剂,采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对其形貌和热性能进行了表征测试。DSC结果表明,Al/带状MoO3铝热剂和Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂释放的热量分别为1702 J·g-1释放432 J·g-1。Al/带状MoO3铝热剂的初始反应温度为401.95 ℃,比Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂的504.87 ℃提前102.92 ℃。通过非等温热力学分析,两种铝热剂的活化能(Ea)没有显著差异,但Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂具有较高的热爆炸临界温度(Tb),说明其具有较高的安全性。在开放燃烧实验中,两种铝热剂的燃烧行为差异小,但当燃烧结束时,Al/带状MoO3铝热剂周围会溅射出火花。封闭管燃烧实验显示,Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂的燃烧波波速先上升后下降,最大波速达1037 m·s-1,而Al/带状MoO3铝热剂的燃烧波速呈上升趋势,最大速度为2710 m·s-1。Al/带状MoO3铝热剂在热和燃烧性能上要优于Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂,而Al/棒状MoO3铝热剂更为安全。

    Abstract:

    The thermites with different morphologies performed differently. To explore the influence of different MoO3 morphologies on the thermal properties and combustion behavior of Al/MoO3 thermite, Al/rod-MoO3 and Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite were prepared. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize their morphology and thermal properties. The DSC results showed that the Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite had a heat release about 1702 J·g-1, while the Al/rod-MoO3 thermite released 432 J·g-1. The initial reaction temperature of Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite was 401.95 ℃, which was 102.92 ℃ earlier than the 504.87 ℃ of Al/rod-MoO3 thermite. Non-isothermal thermodynamic analysis showed that the activation energy (Ea) of the two thermites was not significantly different, but the Al/rod-MoO3 thermite presented a higher thermal explosion critical temperature (Tb), indicating that the Al/rod-MoO3 thermite exhibited higher safety. In the open combustion experiment, there was little difference in the combustion behavior of the two thermites. When the thermite burnt out, the Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite splashed sparks. The closed-tube combustion experiment showed that the combustion wave velocity of Al/rod-MoO3 thermite increased primely then decreased, and the maximum wave velocity reached 1037 m·s-1. The combustion wave velocity of Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite was on the rise, and the maximum velocity was 2710 m·s-1. Al/ribbon-MoO3 thermite is superior to Al/rod-MoO3 thermite in heat release and combustion performance, but the Al/rod-MoO3 thermite is much safer.

    表 2 两种铝热剂放热反应的热力学参数Table 2 Thermodynamic parameters of the exothermic reaction of two thermites
    图1 纳米MoO3制备工艺示意图Fig.1 Schematic diagram of nano MoO3 preparation process
    图2 开放式燃烧实验示意图Fig.2 Schematic diagram of open combustion experiment
    图3 封闭管燃烧实验示意图Fig.3 Schematic diagram of closed tube combustion experiment
    图4 两种MoO3的SEM图像Fig.4 SEM images of MoO3
    图5 棒状和带状MoO3的XRD图谱Fig.5 XRD pattern of rod-MoO and ribbon-MoO3
    图6 两种铝热剂的SEM图Fig.6 SEM images of two thermites
    图7 两种铝热剂的DSC曲线Fig.7 DSC curves of two thermites
    图8 两种铝热剂铝热反应机理示意图Fig.8 Schematic diagram of the reaction mechanism of two thermites
    图10 两种铝热剂开放式燃烧的高速摄影照片Fig.10 High-speed photography pictures of the two thermites in open combustion experiment
    图11 两种铝热剂在封闭管中的燃烧高速照片Fig.11 High-speed photographs of the sample burning in the combustion tube
    图13 两种铝热剂燃烧过程机理示意图Fig.13 Schematic diagram of the AlMoO3 thermite combustion process mechanism
    表 1 两种铝热剂放热峰的初始、峰值温度及放热量信息表Table 1 The initial and peak temperature and heat release information table of the two thermites exothermic peaks
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引用本文

陈嘉琳,郭涛,姚淼,等.含不同形貌MoO3的Al/MoO3铝热剂的热性能和燃烧性能[J].含能材料, 2022, 30(2):121-129. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2021105.
CHEN Jia-lin, GUO Tao, YAO Miao, et al. Thermal Properties and Combustion Properties of Al/MoO3 Thermite Containing MoO3 with Different Morphologies[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2022, 30(2):121-129. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2021105.

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  • 收稿日期: 2021-04-23
  • 最后修改日期: 2021-05-17
  • 录用日期: 2021-06-15
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-03-17
  • 出版日期: 2022-02-25