The effects of four typical stabilizers （DPA， C2， AKⅡ， MNA） on the thermal decomposition behavior of nitrocellulose， the thermal decomposition parameters of nitrocellulose samples under different conditions are obtained by DTA， DSC and ARC. The results of non-isothermal calorimetry show that the critical temperature of thermal explosion of nitrocellulose increases by 0.06， 0.82， 1.00 and 1.56 K， respectively， after adding four typical stabilizers. The adiabatic thermal test show that the stabilizers have limited effect on the initial temperature rise rate and pressure of nitrocellulose at the initial stage， but reduces the maximum temperature rise rate of nitrocellulose by 0.39， 0.64， 0.70 and 0.65 K·min^-1. The effects of thermal history on the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose samples are investigated by DSC interruption and re-scanning method. The results show that four typical stabilizers have good thermal stability. Although the initial thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose is less affected by stabilizers， but with the progress of thermal decomposition reaction， the severe autocatalytic decomposition caused by nitrocellulose thermal decomposition products could be alleviated by rapid reaction with stabilizers， and the influence of thermal history on the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose could be reduced. N-methyl-4-nitroaniline has the most obvious inhibition effect on the autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose.