Energetic materials are widely applied in the area of weaponry industry， aerospace and civil construction. The synthesis of energetic materials is very complex and of great danger in the conventional stirred tank， which can no longer fulfill the requirement of product quality and process safety. The microreaction technology， which has significant advantages of fast heat/mass transfer and excellent safety， has great potential in the synthesis of energetic materials. This review introduces the progress from four aspects， namely the principle of microreaction technology， energetic compound synthesis， production of energetic particles and ultrasonic microreactors. It aims to elaborate the application characteristics of microreaction technology in the area of energetic materials based on the viewpoint of chemical engineering. Finally， the challenges and future direction are summarized and outlooked， including reaction kinetics/thermal kinetics， mixing intensification of viscous and solid-involved fluids， reaction scale-up and intelligent system， waste treatment and how to embrace emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence.