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1,1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物和2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑的热安全性
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胡荣祖(1938-),男,研究员,从事热化学、热分析研究。 e-mail: hurongzu@public.xa.sn.cn

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国防科技重点实验室基金(No.9140c3501010601)


Thermal Safety of 1,1′-Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole and 2, 2′- Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole
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    摘要:

    借助不同加热速率(β)的非等温DSC曲线离开基线的初始温度(T0)、onset温度(Te)和峰顶温度(Tp),采用Kissinger法和Ozawa法求得热分解反应表观活化能(EK和EO)和指前因子(AK),Hu-Zhao-Gao方程求得be0(or p0) ,Zhao-Hu-Gao方程求得ae0(or p0),微热量法确定的比热容(Cp),以及密度(ρ)、热导率(λ)和分解热(Qd,取爆热之半)数据;根据Zhang-Hu-Xie-Li公式、Hu-Yang-Liang-Xie公式、Hu-Zhao-Gao公式、Zhao-Hu-Gao公式、热力学关系式、Smith方程、Friedman公式、Bruckman-Guillet公式、Frank-Kamenetskii公式和Wang-Du公式和Yoshida公式,计算了1, 1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物(1, 1′-DMATZ)和2, 2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑(2, 2′-DMATZ)在β→0时的T0、Te和Tp值(T00、Te0和Tp0)、分解反应的活化热力学参量(ΔG、ΔH、ΔS)、热爆炸临界温度(Tbe和Tbp)、绝热至爆时间(tTIad)、撞击感度50%落高(H50)、热点起爆临界温度(Tcr, hoto-spot)、热爆炸临界环境温度(Tacr)、热安全度(Sd)、热爆炸概率(PTE)、爆炸能力(Ep)和以间二硝基苯为基准的撞击敏感性(SS)。结果表明,(1)1, 1′-DMATZ对热是稳定的;(2)1, 1′-DMATZ对热的抵抗能力好于2, 2′-DMATZ;(3)影响二甲基-偶氮四唑热安全的主要因素是甲基在分子中所处的位置。

    Abstract:

    With the help of the initial temperature(T0), at which DSC curves deviate from the basline, the onset temperature(Te) and maximum peak temperature(Tp) from the non-isothermal DSC curves at different heating rates(β), the thermal decomposition activation energy(EK and EO) and pre-exponential constant(AK) obtained by Kissinger′s method and Ozawa′s method, the value of be0(or p0) from Hu-Zhao-Gao′s equation and the value of ae0(0r p0) from Zhao-Hu-Gao′s equation, the values of specific heat capacity(Cp) obtained by microcalorimetry, density(ρ) and thermal conductivity(λ), the decomposition heat(Qd, taking half-explosion heat), Zhang-Hu-Xie-Li′s formula, Hu-Yang-Liang-Xie′s formula, Hu-Zhao-Gao′s formula, Zhao-Hu-Gao′s formula, thermodynamic relation formulae, Smith′s equation, Friedman′s formula, Bruckman-Guillet′s formula, Frank-Kamenetskii′s formula, Wang-Du′s formulas and Yoshida′s formulas, the values(T00, Te0 and Tp0) of T0, Te and Tp corresponding to β→0, thermodynamic parameters of activation reaction(ΔG、ΔH、ΔS), thermal explosion temperature(Tbe0 and Tbp0), adiabatic time-to-explosion(tTiad), 50% drop height(H50) of impact sensitivity, critical temperature of hot-spot initiation(Tcr, hot-spot), critical ambient temperature of thermal explosion(Tacr), safety degree(Sd), thermal explosion probability(PTE), explosion potential(Ep) and shock sensitivity relative to m-dinitrobenzene(SS) of 1,1′-Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole monohydrate(1, 1′-DMATZ) and 2,2′-Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole(2, 2′-DMATZ) are calculated. The results show that(1) 1, 1′-DMATZ is thermally stable;(2) the heat-resistance ability of 1, 1′-DMATZ is better than that of 2, 2′-DMATZ; (3) the different positions of the methyl group in the molecules are the principal factor affecting the thermal safety.

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胡荣祖,高红旭,赵凤起,等.1,1′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑一水合物和2,2′-二甲基-5,5′-偶氮四唑的热安全性[J].含能材料, 2011, 19(2):126-131. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2011.02.002.
HU Rong-zu, GAO Hong-xu, ZHAO Feng-qi, et al. Thermal Safety of 1,1′-Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole and 2, 2′- Dimethyl-5,5′-azotetrazole[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2011, 19(2):126-131. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2011.02.002.

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历史
  • 收稿日期: 2010-05-19
  • 最后修改日期: 2010-08-26
  • 录用日期: 2010-07-06
  • 在线发布日期: 2012-02-22
  • 出版日期: