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3,7-二硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷的硝解副产物及硝解机理
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南京理工大学化工学院

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何志勇(1975-),男,博士,主要从事含能材料和绿色化学方面的研究。

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基金项目:

国家自然科学基金资助(批准号: 10976014)


Mechanisms and By-products of Nitrolysis of 3,7-dinitro-1,3,5.7-tetrazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane
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School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing

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    摘要:

    为了更好指导N2O5硝解3, 7-二硝基-1, 3, 5, 7-四氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷(DPT)制备奥克托今(HMX)的生产,研究了DPT在N2O5/HNO3和N2O5/CH2Cl2两种体系中的硝解产物,采用柱层析从硝解产物中分离得到了两个副产物,并进行了结构表征,确证其为:N, N′-二羟甲基硝胺和1, 9-二硝酰氧基-2, 4, 6, 8-四硝基-2, 4, 6, 8-四氮杂壬烷。N2O5硝解DPT,当体系中溶解有硝酸铵时,N2O5浓度低时主要起硝化作用反应生成HMX,N2O5浓度高时主要起酯化作用反应生成直链产物;当体系中没有硝酸铵(或硝酸铵不溶解)时,N2O5主要起酯化作用也生成直链产物。

    Abstract:

    The main product of nitrolysis of 3, 7-dinitro-1, 3, 5.7-tetrazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane(DPT) in dinitrogen pentoxide/nitric acid/ammonium nitrate with lower dinitrogen pentoxide concentration is HMX. While with higher dinitrogen pentoxide concentration, some of straight-chain by-products of both 1, 9-dinitroxy-2, 4, 6, 8-tetranitro-2, 4, 6, 8-tetrazanonane and N, N′-bis(hydroxymethyl)nitramide were obtained and separated by column chromatography, and the structures were confirmed with infrared spectroscopy(IR), nuclear magnetic resonance(HNMR) and mass spectrometry(MS). Increasing dinitrogen pentoxide concentration leads to more by-products. Nitrolysis of DPT in dinitrogen pentoxide/nitric acid or dinitrogen pentoxide/methylene chloride afforded only straight-chain by-products.

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引用本文

何志勇,罗军,吕春绪,等.3,7-二硝基-1,3,5,7-四氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷的硝解副产物及硝解机理[J].含能材料, 2012, 20(1):5-8. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2012.01.002.
HE Zhi-yong, LUO Jun, Lü Chun-xu, et al. Mechanisms and By-products of Nitrolysis of 3,7-dinitro-1,3,5.7-tetrazabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2012, 20(1):5-8. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2012.01.002.

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历史
  • 收稿日期: 2011-02-28
  • 最后修改日期: 2011-04-27
  • 录用日期: 2011-05-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2012-02-23
  • 出版日期: