Abstract:Nitrogen-rich heterocycle compounds are new generation primary explosives. They have excellent initiating and firing properties and enviroment friendship. The research key point is to design and synthesize the intermediates or ligands of nitrogen-rich heterocycle, nitrogen-rich heterocycle ligand complex compounds as well as their salt forms. The ligands of the new generation primaries are 5-nitrotetrazole (5-NT), 5-hydrazinotetrazole (5-HT), 1, 5-diaminotetrazole (1, 5-DAT) and triazoles. They all have the similar performances such as aromaticity, high heat of formation and high nitrogen content (61%~85%) which could be designed to high-energy insensitiveness primary explosives as complex cation, complexs anion and salts forms. Tetraammine bis(5-nitrotetrazolato) cobalt(Ⅲ) perchlorate (BNCP) is already used in laser and semi-conductor bridge(SCB) detonators. Homologous compounds of BNCP (5-NT ligand based Ni/Cu/Zn), DAT ligand based Cu/Fe/Co/Ni complex cation and 5-NT ligand based ferrous/Cu/Co/Ni complex anion, hydrazinotetrazole or hydrazinotrizole ligand based Hg/Cu/Co/Ni/Cd and DTA ligand nitrate/perchlorate are widely researched. The typical primary explosives are [CuⅡ(DAT)5(NO3)]NO3, (NH4)2[FeⅡ(NT)4(H2O)2], (NH4)2[CuⅡ(NT)4(H2O)2].
