CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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N2O5/HNO3硝化甲苯制备二硝基甲苯
作者:
作者单位:

(南京理工大学化工学院, 江苏 南京 210094)

作者简介:

甄忠启(1989-),男,硕士,主要从事五氧化二氮的应用研究。e-mail: zhenzhongq@163.com 通信联系人: 钱华(1981-),男,副研究员,主要从事含能材料的合成、应用研究。e-mail: jyqianhua@yahoo.com.cn

通讯作者:

钱华(1981-),男,副研究员,主要从事含能材料的合成、应用研究。e-mail: jyqianhua@yahoo.com.cn

基金项目:


Preparation of Dinitrotoluene by Nitration of Toluene with N2O5/HNO3
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(Nanjing University of Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing 210094, China)

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    摘要:

    以N2O5/HNO3代替硝硫混酸作硝化剂进行甲苯硝化。研究了反应温度、N2O5浓度、反应时间对硝化反应的影响。用气相色谱、红外光谱、质谱分析了甲苯的硝化产物。结果表明,硝化产物主要为二硝基甲苯(DNT)。获得的最佳硝化反应条件为:反应温度10 ℃、N2O5浓度3 mol·L-1、反应时间1 h。二硝基甲苯的产率100%。异构体2, 4-DNT与2, 6-DNT的摩尔比为4.44:1。

    Abstract:

    The nitration of toluene was performed through replacing nitro/sulfuricmixed acid with the mixture of nitric acid and N2O5 as a nitrating agent. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and concentration of N2O5 on the nitration reaction were investigated. The nitration product of toluene was analyzed by gas chromatography, IR spectrormetry and mass spectrometry. Results show that the nitration product is mainly dinitrotoluene (DNT). The optimum nitration reaction conditions obtained are reaction temperature 10 ℃, N2O5 concentration 3 mol·L-1 and reaction time 1 h. The yield of DNT is 100%. The molar ratio of isomerides 2, 4-DNT and 2, 6-DNT is 4.44:1.

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甄忠启,钱华,刘大斌,等. N2O5/HNO3硝化甲苯制备二硝基甲苯[J].含能材料, 2014, 22(3):350-352. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2014.03.014.
ZHEN Zhong-qi, QIAN Hua, LIU Da-bin, et al. Preparation of Dinitrotoluene by Nitration of Toluene with N2O5/HNO3[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2014, 22(3):350-352. DOI:10.3969/j. issn.1006-9941.2014.03.014.

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  • 收稿日期: 2013-06-17
  • 最后修改日期: 2013-07-15
  • 录用日期: 2013-08-23
  • 在线发布日期: 2014-07-01
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