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Recent Advances in Primary Explosives
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School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

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    Abstract:

    As the most commonly used primary explosives, lead azide and lead styphnate are widely used in military and civilian applications. However, they are harmful to the environment and human body. Therefore, the research of new green primary explosives is an important trend. This paper reviews the synthesis and performances of six new types of initiating agents, including tetrazole, furazan, fused-ring, coordination compound, copper azide, and nano-thermite. Among of these initiating agents: (1) tetrazoles have excellent detonation performance but low safety performance; (2) furazans have higher density and good oxygen balance; (3) fused ring compounds have high thermal stability, low sensitivity and good safety; (4) the sensitivity and energy can be tailored by changing the metal ions, ligands and anions; (5) copper azide has strong detonation ability while its electrostatic sensitivity is extremely high; (6) nano-thermite has the merits of high energy density, ease of synthesis, and environment friendly, but it is difficult to achieve rapid combustion to detonation. Except for copper azide and nano-thermite, the other four types of primary explosives have complex synthesis processes and low yields. Therefore, the decreasing of sensitivity and process feasibility should be emphasized with the consideration of detonation ability for the further research of primary explosives.

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潘鹏阳,王可欣,易镇鑫,等.起爆药研究最新进展[J].含能材料,2021,29(6):557-566.
PAN Peng-yang, WANG Ke-xin, YI Zhen-xin, et al. Recent Advances in Primary Explosives[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2021,29(6):557-566.

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History
  • Received:September 27,2020
  • Revised:April 12,2021
  • Adopted:March 23,2021
  • Online: March 31,2021
  • Published: June 25,2021