乙腈法与乙醇法合成六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷的比较
1999,7(4):152-155
摘要：实验比较了乙腈法与乙醇法合成六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷的优劣。结果表明乙腈法在产品得率、质量、反应条件等方面均优于乙醇法。但乙腈属于中等毒性化学品，使用乙腈时必须采取可靠的防护措施。
关键词：六苄基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HBIW)； 合成； 醛胺缩合； 六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(HNIW)
Comparison of Acetonitrile Process with Ethanol Process for Synthesis of exabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane
Abstract：Hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) is the precursor to hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW)—the most powerful high energy density explosive ever tested. Improvement of quality and yield of HBIW is one of the measures to decrease the cost of HNIW. In this paper,a comparison of acetonitrile process with ethanol process for synthesis of HBIW is made from the points of yield,quality,reaction rate and reaction conditions based on experimental results. It′s undoubted that acetonitrile process is superior to ethanol process in all mentioned aspects. It should be considered that acetonitrile is more toxic than ethanol,but its toxicity is still moderate. Based on American codes,the values of LD50,LC50 and TLV-TWA of acetonitrile are higher than or comparable with those of acetic acid,acetic anhydride,N,N-dimethylformamide and chloroform etc. With adequate protection measures the safety of acetonitrile process will not be a problem. But emphasis must be put on safety when acetonitrile process is used.
Key words：hexabenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW); synthesis; aldehyde-amine condensation; hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW)
收稿日期：1998-09-16
基金项目：国防科工委预研基金(12 060 451 867)
