BAMO/AMMO共聚物基高能固体推进剂能量特性计算和分析
2015,23(1):37-42
摘要：用“能量计算之星”程序(ECS)计算了以3, 3-二叠氮甲基氧杂环丁烷(BAMO)与3-甲基-3-叠氮甲氧基氧杂环丁烷(AMMO)的嵌段共聚物(BAMO/AMMO)为黏合剂的高能固体推进剂的能量特性。研究了添加不同增塑剂(1, 5-二叠氮-3-硝基氮杂戊烷(DIANP)、聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)、N-丁基-2-硝酸酯乙基硝胺(BuNENA))、氧化剂(高氯酸铵(AP)、六硝基六氮杂异伍兹烷(CL-20)及呋咱类化合物(3, 4-二硝基呋咱基氧化呋咱(DNTF)、二硝基偶氮氧化二呋咱(DNAF)、二叠氮基偶氮氧化呋咱(DAAOF))和高能燃料(铝粉(Al)、三氢化铝(AlH3))对推进剂能量特性参数(比冲(I SP)、燃温(Tc)、氧系数(φ)，等)的影响规律。结果表明：BuNENA增塑的推进剂比冲高于DIANP或GAP增塑的BAMO/AMMO基推进剂。BuNENA增塑的推进剂中，随着CL-20逐步替代AP，推进剂的Tc呈现先增后减的趋势。当CL-20含量大于55%时, 推进剂比冲基本保持不变，趋于最大值。当CL-20完全替代AP，比冲下降。以DNAF代替CL-20可使推进剂比冲由2723.71 N·s·kg-1提高至2798.00 N·s·kg-1。以AlH3替代Al与CL-20，同时提高体系φ时，推进剂能量得到大幅提高。
关键词：物理化学; 3,3-二叠氮甲基氧丁环与3-叠氮甲氧基-3-甲基环氧丁环共聚物(BAMO/AMMO); 黏合剂; 固体推进剂; 能量特性; 理论计算
Calculation and Analysis on Energy Characteristics of High Energy Propellants Based on BAMO/AMMO Copolymers
Abstract： The energy characteristics of high energy solid propellants based on the block copolymer (BAMO/AMMO) of 3, 3′-bis (azidomethyl) oxetane (BAMO) and 3-azidomethyl-3-methyloxetane(AMMO) (BAMO/AMMO) as binder were calculated by "Energy Calculation Star (ECS)" code. The influence of different plasticizers (diazidopentane (DIANP), glucidyl azide polymer (GAP) and butyl nitrooxy ethyl nitramine (BuNENA)), oxidants (ammonium perchlorate(AP), hexanitroxaazasowurtzitane(CL-20), furazan compounds(3, 4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan(DNTF), dinitroazodifuroxan(DNAF) and diazidoazofuroxan(DAAOF)), and high energy fuels (aluminium (Al) powder and aluminum trihydride (AlH3)) on the energy characteristic parameters(specific impulse(I sp), combustion temperature (Tc) and oxygen coefficient (φ), etc.) of BAMO/AMMO based propellants were studied. Results show that I sp of propellant plasticized with Bu-NENA is greater than that of BAMO/AMMO based propellants plasticized by DIANP or GAP. With replacing AP by CL-20 gradually in propellant plasticized by Bu-NENA, the Tc of BAMO/AMMO/BuNENA based propellant shows a trend of increase early and decrease then. When the content of CL-20 is more than 55%, the I sp of propellant remains the same and increases to maximum. When AP was replaced by CL-20 entirely, the value of I sp is declined. The substitution of DNAF for CL-20 makes the I sp of propellant enhance from 2723.71 N·s·kg-1 to 2798.00 N·s·kg-1. When Al powder and CL-20 are replaced by AlH3 and the value of φ of system is increased, the energy of propellant is sharply increased.
Key words：physical chemistrys; (BAMO/AMMO copolymer); binder; propellants; energy characteristics; theoretical calculation
收稿日期：2014-01-02
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助(2173163)
