CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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微型无人机用3D打印聚丙烯射流毁伤威力研究
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作者单位:

1.沈阳理工大学 装备工程学院;2.北方华安工业集团有限公司;3.宁波大学 冲击与安全教育部重点实验室

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基金项目:

国家自然科学青年基金项目(12202285);沈阳市科技人才专项项目(RC230925);辽宁省教育厅项目(LG212410144045)


Research on the Lethality of 3D-Printed Polypropylene Jets for Micro UAVs
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Affiliation:

1.School of Equipment Engineering,Shenyang Ligong University;2.North Hua’an Industrial Group Co,Ltd;3.MOE Key Laboratory of Impact and Safety Engineering,Ningbo University

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    摘要:

    聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)作为低密度高分子材料,其形成的射流具备可观毁伤威力,而微型无人机凭借成本低、适应性强、响应速度快等优势,可大幅提升作战效能,其搭载的战斗部需兼顾轻量化与毁伤效能双重需求。本研究探究了3D打印聚丙烯作为药型罩材料在微型无人机战斗部毁伤领域中的应用潜力,基于选区激光烧结(Selective Laser Sintering, SLS)技术制备微型薄壁聚丙烯药型罩,开展力学性能试验获取了3D打印PP材料的力学性能,并拟合了Johnson-Cook本构模型相关参数,结果表明该材料具有优异的延展性及应变率敏感性,动态屈服强度随应变率升高显著提升。结合 PER 理论与粘塑性理论分析了高分子聚合物射流成型过程,揭示其头部膨胀特性;通过静破甲试验及数值模拟,验证了3D打印PP射流在3~5 CD(CD为聚能装药的口径)下的毁伤威力。试验结果表明:4 CD下效果最佳,侵彻深度为 17.10 mm,扩孔效应显著。数值模拟结果显示,其侵彻深度为16.04 mm、开孔直径为7.986 mm,与实验数据高度吻合。进一步分析四种高分子聚合物射流及紫铜射流在5种不同维度上的性能,研究表明,所设计的3D打印聚丙烯药型罩可匹配微型无人机的搭载需求,为高效毁伤微型战斗部设计提供了理论依据及新思路。

    Abstract:

    Polypropylene (PP) asa low-density polymer material, forms jets with considerable lethality. Micro UAVs with advantages such as low cost, strong adaptability, and rapid response, can significantly enhance combat effectiveness, requiring their warheads to balance lightweighting and destructive performance dual demands. This study explores the application potential of 3D-printed polypropylene as a shaped charge material in the damage field of micro UAV warheads. Micro thin-walled polypropylene shaped charges were prepared using Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology, and mechanical property tests were conducted to obtain the mechanical properties of 3D printed PP materials. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model parameters were fitted, and the results indicate that the material features excellent ductility and strain rate sensitivity, with dynamic yield strength significantly increasing as the strain rate rises. The polymer jet formation process was analyzed by combining PER theory and viscoplastic theory, revealing its head expansion characteristics. Static shaped charge penetration tests and numerical simulation were adopted to verify the damage lethality of 3D-printed PP jets at 3-5 CD (CD represents the caliber of the shaped charge). The experimental results show that the effect is optimal at 4 CD, with a penetration depth of 17.10 mm and significant hole expansion. The numerical simulation results indicate a penetration depth of 16.04 mm and an open hole diameter of 7.986 mm, which are highly consistent with the experimental data. The performance of four polymer jets and a copper jet was further analyzed across five distinct dimensions. The research demonstrates that the designed 3D-printed polypropylene shaped charge liner can satisfy the carriage requirements of miniature UAVs, providing a theoretical basis and novel insights for the design of high-lethality micro warhead destruction.

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张舒童,赵爽,郭冬炀,等. 微型无人机用3D打印聚丙烯射流毁伤威力研究[J]. 含能材料,DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025271.

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  • 收稿日期: 2025-12-26
  • 最后修改日期: 2026-02-26
  • 录用日期: 2026-02-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-02-12
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