CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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含能分子合成最新进展
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(中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所含能材料基因科学研究中心, 四川 绵阳 621999)

作者简介:

田均均(1987-),男,助理研究员,主要从事炸药分子合成与性能研究。e-mail: june_tian@caep.cn 通信联系人: 张庆华(1979-),男,研究员,主要从事炸药与推进剂分子合成研究。e-mail: qinghuazhang@caep.cn

通讯作者:

张庆华(1979-),男,研究员,主要从事炸药与推进剂分子合成研究。e-mail: qinghuazhang@caep.cn

基金项目:

中国工程物理研究院发展基金面上项目(2014B0302039); 国家自然科学基金(11472251,11502246)


Recent Advances in Energetic Molecule Synthesis
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(Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China)

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    摘要:

    从含能分子设计、合成策略与路线优化、性能评价等角度对过去两年来含能材料合成领域的最新进展进行了简要综述。梳理了含能分子(含能离子盐和共价型含能分子)合成研究的发展方向与趋势。指出以下几点是今后研究的重点方向:通过硝胺化、羟基化以及N→O化等策略实现富氮杂环类含能离子盐的靶向合成、定向调控含能离子盐的结构和性能; 注重于设计合成高氮含量的稠环结构、桥连骨架、以及共轭平面离域大π键结构的含能分子; 加强新型B基含能分子的制备与性能研究;将极端条件下的合成技术如超低温合成、超临界合成等充分应用于含能分子设计与合成中。

    Abstract:

    The latest advances focusing on synthesis of new energetic molecules in past two years have been reviewed from different viewing angle including molecule design, synthetic strategy, reaction pathway optimization, and performance evaluation, etc.This review sorts out the research and development trend in synthesis area of energetic materials(e.g., energetic salts and neutral energetic molecules), and points out promising research directions, including(1) typical strategies including C-or N-nitroamine, N—OH, and gem-dinitro functionalizations will be the most efficient way to synthesize nitrogen-rich energetic salts with desired energy level and sensitivity; (2) more attention should be paid to design and synthesis of high-nitrogen explosive molecules with fused ring, conjugated π structure and bridged frameworks; (3) researches on boron-based explosives have been undervalued and may become the research frontier in the near future; (4) synthetic technologies under extreme conditions such as cryogenic synthesis and supercritical synthesis should be applied to the fields of new energetic materials with improved properties.

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田均均,张庆华,李金山.含能分子合成最新进展[J].含能材料, 2016, 24(1):1-9. DOI:10.11943/j. issn.1006-9941.2016.01.001.
TIAN Jun-jun, ZHANG Qing-hua, LI Jin-shan. Recent Advances in Energetic Molecule Synthesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2016, 24(1):1-9. DOI:10.11943/j. issn.1006-9941.2016.01.001.

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  • 收稿日期: 2015-12-11
  • 最后修改日期: 2015-12-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-01-06
  • 出版日期: 2016-01-13