The main disadvantages of lead 2, 4, 6-trinitroresorecinate (LTNR)are too high electrostatic sensitivity and the harm to the human body and the environment caused by lead. In search of a replacement for LTNR, potassium 4, 6-dinitro-7-oxygen-benzofuroxan monohydrate (KDNP·H₂O) was synthesized by two-step method. The single crystal of the compoud was obtained by solvent evaporation method. Its structure was chracterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, ¹H NMR/¹³C NMR spectroscopy and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Its sensitivities were measured according to the Chinese military standard test method GJB-5891. The heat of detonation was calculated. The detonation parameters of the compoud were calculated by Kamlet-Jacobs equations. Results show that the crystal is triclinic, space group P-1 with one crystal water. For this primary explosives, the impact sensitivity (H₅₀) is 21.3 cm, the electrostatic sensitivity (E₅₀) is 0.69 J, the friction sensitivity is 56%, the flame sensitivity is 24.7 cm, the heat of detonation is 3.50 kJ·g^-1, the detonation velocity is 6.77 km·s^-1 and detonation pressure is 21.25 GPa, revealing that KDNP·H₂O is a primary explosives with lead-free, safe and environmental protection.