CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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新型含能材料TYX-2的晶体结构解析与热分解动力学研究
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1西安近代化学研究所, 陕西 西安 710065;2甘肃银光化学工业集团有限公司, 甘肃 白银 730900

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国家自然科学基金(22405207,22505195)


Crystal Structure Determination and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Novel Energetic Material TYX-2
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1Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China;2Gansu Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd, Baiyin 730900, China

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    摘要:

    新型含能材料2,7-二(硝氨基)双([1,2,4]三唑并)[1,5-b:1′,5′-e][1,2,4,5]四嗪-5,10-二鎓-3,8-二内盐(TYX-2)因同时具备高能量与低感度的优势而备受关注。然而,在前期工作中尚未明确TYX-2的中性晶体结构,这在一定程度上制约了对其本征特性的深入研究。本研究采用丙酮/正己烷反溶剂体系制备了高质量的中性TYX-2·2(C3H6O)单晶,利用X-射线单晶衍射仪(SC-XRD)确定了其晶体结构。并采用差示扫描量热(DSC)和热重-质谱-傅里叶变换红外光谱联用技术(TG-MS-FTIR)表征方法分析了其热分解行为。晶体结构分析表明,TYX-2·2(C3H6O)晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/n,晶胞参数为a=10.6102(6) Å,b=6.7134(4) Å,c=12.3101(7) Å,晶体密度为1.509 g·cm-3。TYX-2分子通过密集的氢键以及显著的π-π堆积作用,构建出稳定的三维超分子框架。热分析的结果表明,TYX-2的热分解峰温为217.5 ℃(升温速率10.0 ℃·min-1),其分解过程呈现出典型的自催化行为,热解气体产物主要为CO2、N2O、HCNO、CO及NO2。表观活化能经Kissinger法和联合动力学法计算分别为380.04 kJ∙mol-1与302.40 kJ∙mol-1,其固态热分解初期符合二维扩散(D2)模型,后期逐渐转变为化学反应控制。

    Abstract:

    A novel energetic material, 2,7-bis(nitroamino)bis([1,2,4]triazolo)[1,5-b:1′,5′-e][1,2,4,5]tetrazine-5,10-diium-3,8-diide (TYX-2), has attracted considerable interest due to its potential for combining high energy output with low sensitivity. However, the authentic crystal structure of its neutral form remained unknown, which has hindered a thorough understanding of its intrinsic properties. High-quality single crystals of the neutral solvate TYX-2·2(C3H6O) were successfully obtained using an acetone/n-hexane anti-solvent method. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD), and its thermal decomposition behavior was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-MS-FTIR). Crystal structure analysis reveals that TYX-2·2(C3H6O) crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, with space group P21/n. The unit cell parameters are a = 10.6102(6) Å, b = 6.7134(4) Å, c = 12.3101(7) Å, and the crystal density is 1.509 g·cm-3. TYX-2 molecules construct a stable three-dimensional supramolecular framework through extensive hydrogen bonds and significant π-π stacking interactions. Thermal analysis results indicate that the thermal decomposition peak temperature of TYX-2 is 217.5 ℃ at a heating rate of 10.0 ℃·min-1. Its decomposition process exhibits typical autocatalytic behavior. The main gaseous decomposition products are CO2, N2O, HCNO, CO, and NO2. The apparent activation energies calculated by the Kissinger method and the combined kinetic analysis method are 380.04 kJ·mol-1 and 302.40 kJ·mol-1, respectively. The initial stage of its solid-state thermal decomposition conforms to a two-dimensional diffusion (D2) model, which subsequently transitions to chemical reaction control.

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王帅,窦金康,唐长伟,等.新型含能材料TYX-2的晶体结构解析与热分解动力学研究[J].含能材料, 2026, 34(3):301-309. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2026046.
WANG Shuai, DOU Jin-kang, TANG Chang-wei, et al. Crystal Structure Determination and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Novel Energetic Material TYX-2[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials, 2026, 34(3):301-309. DOI:10.11943/CJEM2026046.

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  • 收稿日期: 2026-03-03
  • 最后修改日期: 2026-03-23
  • 录用日期: 2026-03-20
  • 在线发布日期: 2026-03-22
  • 出版日期: 2026-03-25