To investigate the inhibition mechanisms of typical inhibitors on the thermal decomposition process of emulsion explosives containing FeS₂， the thermal decomposition behavior， gas products， solid products and thermal self-ignition behavior of emulsion explosives containing FeS₂ with typical inhibitors （NH₄H₂PO₄， CaCO₃ and ZnO） were studied by using TG-DSC， TGA-FTIR， XRD and a thermal spontaneous combustion experimental platform. The results indicate that the inert species generated during inhibitor decomposition effectively suppress the catalytic activity of FeS₂ toward the thermal decomposition of emulsion explosives， thereby reducing the reaction rate and increasing the apparent activation energy. The apparent activation energy of the emulsion explosive containing FeS₂， calculated via the Kissinger method， was determined to be 99.03 kJ·mol^-1. When NH₄H₂PO₄ serves as the inhibitor， the emulsion explosive exhibits the highest apparent activation energy （130.38 kJ·mol^-1）. Furthermore， all three inhibitors can effectively inhibit the formation of nitrogen oxides （NO₂ and N₂O） and react with Fe or S derived from FeS₂ to form thermally stable inert compounds. The inhibitors can also markedly extend the ignition delay period and reduce the combustion intensity， among which NH₄H₂PO₄ shows the most pronounced flame suppression performance.