CHINESE JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS
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Crystal Structure Determination and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Novel Energetic Material TYX-2
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1Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi′an 710065, China;2Gansu Yinguang Chemical Industry Group Co., Ltd, Baiyin 730900, China

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    Abstract:

    A novel energetic material, 2,7-bis(nitroamino)bis([1,2,4]triazolo)[1,5-b:1′,5′-e][1,2,4,5]tetrazine-5,10-diium-3,8-diide (TYX-2), has attracted considerable interest due to its potential for combining high energy output with low sensitivity. However, the authentic crystal structure of its neutral form remained unknown, which has hindered a thorough understanding of its intrinsic properties. High-quality single crystals of the neutral solvate TYX-2·2(C3H6O) were successfully obtained using an acetone/n-hexane anti-solvent method. Its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffractometry (SC-XRD), and its thermal decomposition behavior was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-MS-FTIR). Crystal structure analysis reveals that TYX-2·2(C3H6O) crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, with space group P21/n. The unit cell parameters are a = 10.6102(6) Å, b = 6.7134(4) Å, c = 12.3101(7) Å, and the crystal density is 1.509 g·cm-3. TYX-2 molecules construct a stable three-dimensional supramolecular framework through extensive hydrogen bonds and significant π-π stacking interactions. Thermal analysis results indicate that the thermal decomposition peak temperature of TYX-2 is 217.5 ℃ at a heating rate of 10.0 ℃·min-1. Its decomposition process exhibits typical autocatalytic behavior. The main gaseous decomposition products are CO2, N2O, HCNO, CO, and NO2. The apparent activation energies calculated by the Kissinger method and the combined kinetic analysis method are 380.04 kJ·mol-1 and 302.40 kJ·mol-1, respectively. The initial stage of its solid-state thermal decomposition conforms to a two-dimensional diffusion (D2) model, which subsequently transitions to chemical reaction control.

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王帅,窦金康,唐长伟,等.新型含能材料TYX-2的晶体结构解析与热分解动力学研究[J].含能材料,2026,34(3):301-309.
WANG Shuai, DOU Jin-kang, TANG Chang-wei, et al. Crystal Structure Determination and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of the Novel Energetic Material TYX-2[J]. Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials,2026,34(3):301-309.

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History
  • Received:March 03,2026
  • Revised:March 23,2026
  • Adopted:March 20,2026
  • Online: March 22,2026
  • Published: March 25,2026